{"id":378,"date":"2018-05-31T20:46:49","date_gmt":"2018-05-31T20:46:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/globalsolidarity.live\/wikiyoga\/?p=378"},"modified":"2018-05-31T20:48:06","modified_gmt":"2018-05-31T20:48:06","slug":"alvar-hinduismo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/globalsolidarity.live\/wikiyoga\/hinduismo\/alvar-hinduismo\/","title":{"rendered":"ALVAR (HINDUISMO)"},"content":{"rendered":"

ALVAR (HINDUISMO)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n
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Los\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Alvar<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0fueron doce santos\u00a0<\/span><\/span>vaisnavas<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0que \u2014durante el periodo medieval de la historia de\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Tamil<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0(entre los siglos\u00a0<\/span><\/span>VII<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>)\u2014 revivieron el\u00a0<\/span><\/span>hinduismo<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0devocional a trav\u00e9s de sus alabanzas y culto a\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Vishn\u00fa<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0y sus\u00a0<\/span><\/span>avatares<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

En\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>idioma tamil<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0se les llama <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0b86\u0bb4\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Entre ellos se incluye una mujer (<\/span><\/span><\/span>Andal<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>). La colecci\u00f3n de sus himnos se conoce como\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>Divya prabandha<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>, que fue recopilado por el\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>br\u00e1hmana<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0Nathamuni. El nieto de \u00e9ste, el famoso maestro\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>Iamuna Achari\u00e1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0(siglo\u00a0X-XI) escribi\u00f3 un comentario sobre el\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>Prabhanda<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La literatura\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>bhakti<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0que difundieron estos Alvar contribuy\u00f3 al establecimiento y desarrollo de una cultura que rompi\u00f3 para siempre con la religi\u00f3n v\u00e9dica (orientada a los rituales) y se enraiz\u00f3 en la devoci\u00f3n como el \u00fanico medio para la salvaci\u00f3n. Adem\u00e1s contribuyeron a hacer que la vida religiosa tamil fuera independiente del conocimiento del idioma s\u00e1nscrito.\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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Etimolog\u00eda<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Azhwar<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00a0literalmente significa \u2018personas que est\u00e1n inmersas\u2019. Se les llamaba as\u00ed debido a que estaban inmersos en su amor por su Se\u00f1or Vishn\u00fa.\u00a0\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Legado<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Uno de los Alvar m\u00e1s importantes fue\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>Nammalvar<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>. Vivi\u00f3 durante el\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>siglo VII<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>. Escribi\u00f3 1352 himnos.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Entre ellos, el\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>Thiru Virudham<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span>,\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>Thiru \u0100siriyam<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0y\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>Periya Thiruvandhadhi<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0corresponden al\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>Rig<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>,\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>I\u00e1yur<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0y\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>Atharva-veda<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0respectivamente.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Su otro trabajo, el\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>Periya-thirumozhi<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0(palabras divinas) es uno de los poemas principales del\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>vaishnavismo<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0del sur de la India.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Periyalvar<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>, en vez de sentirse como hijo del dios padre Vishn\u00fa, se ve\u00eda como madre, nodriza y novia.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La poetisa\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>Andal<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>, quien creci\u00f3 en casa de Periya Alvar, escribi\u00f3 el\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>Tirupp\u0101vai<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>, una colecci\u00f3n de 30 poemas que da expresi\u00f3n a un puro amor por Vishn\u00fa.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Thirumangai Alvar<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0fue el que realiz\u00f3 el mayor n\u00famero de\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>mangalasasanam<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0(cantos en alabanza) en los\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>Divya Desams<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sinopsis de los Alvares<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

La siguiente tabla muestra el sitio de nacimiento, el siglo y la estrella natal de cada \u00c1lvar.\u00a0\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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N.\u00ba<\/span><\/p>\n<\/th>\n

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Santo alwar<\/span><\/p>\n<\/th>\n

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Periodo y lugar<\/span><\/p>\n<\/th>\n

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Otros nombres<\/span><\/p>\n<\/th>\n

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Mes tamil<\/span><\/p>\n<\/th>\n

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Nakshatra<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/th>\n

<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/span><\/td>\nPoigai Alvar<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/td>\nsiglo VII<\/span><\/span><\/a>,\u00a0<\/span>Kanchi puram<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/td>\nSaro-yogi, K\u0101s\u0101ra-yogi,<\/span><\/p>\n

Poigai-pir\u0101n, Padma-muni, Kavinyarporeyeru<\/span><\/td>\n

Aiypas\u012b<\/span><\/td>\nThiruvonam\u00a0(\u015bravana)<\/i><\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/span><\/td>\nBh\u016bthathalvar<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/td>\nsiglo VII<\/span><\/span><\/a>, Mylapore<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nAiypas\u012b<\/span><\/td>\nAvittam (<\/span>Dhanishta<\/span><\/span><\/a>)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/span><\/td>\nPeyalvar<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/td>\nKairava-muni, Maha-d\u0101hva-y\u0101r<\/span><\/td>\nAiypas\u012b<\/span><\/td>\nSadayam (Satabhishak)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/span><\/td>\nThirumalisai Alvar<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/td>\nsiglo VII<\/span><\/span><\/a>, Thirumazhisai<\/span><\/td>\nBhakthi-s\u0101rar, Bh\u0101rgavar, Magis\u0101r\u0101puriswarar, Mazhisai-pir\u0101n<\/span><\/td>\nThai<\/span><\/td>\nMagam (Magha)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/span><\/td>\nNammalvar<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/td>\nsiglo IX<\/span><\/span><\/a>, Azhwar Thirunagari (Kurugur)<\/span><\/td>\nSadagopan, Sad\u0101ri, Par\u0101nkusun, M\u0101ran, Vakul\u0101a Baranan, Kurugaiyar-kone<\/span><\/td>\nVaig\u0101si<\/span><\/td>\nVish\u0101kam (Vish\u0101ka)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/span><\/td>\nMadhurakavi Alvar<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/td>\nsiglo IX<\/span><\/span><\/a>, Thirukollur<\/span><\/td>\nInkaviy\u0101r, Azhw\u0101rukku Adiy\u0101n<\/span><\/td>\nChitthirai<\/span><\/td>\nChitthirai (Chithra)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/span><\/td>\nKulashekhara<\/span><\/span><\/a>Azhwar<\/span><\/td>\nsiglo VIII<\/span><\/span><\/a>, Thirvanjikkolam<\/span><\/td>\nKolli-k\u0101valan, K\u016bdal-n\u0101yakan,<\/span><\/p>\n

Koyikone, Villavar-kone, Cheyralar-kone<\/span><\/td>\n

M\u0101s\u012b<\/span><\/td>\nPunar P\u016bsam (Punarvasu)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/span><\/td>\nPeriyalvar<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/td>\nsiglo IX<\/span><\/span><\/a>, Sri Villiputhur<\/span><\/td>\nVishn\u00fa-chitthar, Patta-n\u0101dan, Battar-pir\u0101n, Sri-Villiputth\u016br\u0101r, Srirangan\u0101tha-Svas\u016brar<\/span><\/td>\n\u0101ni<\/span><\/td>\nSwathi (Sw\u0101th\u012b)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/span><\/td>\nAndal<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/td>\nsiglo IX<\/span><\/span><\/a>, Sri Villiputhur<\/span><\/td>\nCh\u016bdikoduttha N\u0101chey\u0101r, Godai,<\/span><\/p>\n

Godai-pir\u0101tti<\/span><\/td>\n

\u0100di<\/span><\/td>\nP\u016bram (P\u016brva Phalguni)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/span><\/td>\nThondaradippodi Alvar<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/td>\nsiglo VIII<\/span><\/span><\/a>, Thirumandangudi<\/span><\/td>\nVibran\u0101r\u0101yanar, Thirumandangudiy\u0101r,<\/span><\/p>\n

Bhakthangirirenu, Palliunartthiya-pir\u0101n<\/span><\/td>\n

M\u0101rgazhi<\/span><\/td>\nKettai (Jyeshta)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/span><\/td>\nThirupp\u0101n Alvar<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/td>\nsiglo VIII<\/span><\/span><\/a>, Uraiyur<\/span><\/td>\nP\u0101nar, Muni-v\u0101hanar,<\/span><\/p>\n

Yogi-v\u0101hanar, Kav\u012b\u015bwara<\/span><\/td>\n

K\u0101rthigai<\/span><\/td>\nRogini (<\/span>Rohin\u012b<\/span><\/span><\/a>)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12<\/span><\/td>\nThirumangai Alvar<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/td>\nsiglo VIII<\/span><\/span><\/a>, Thirukurayalur<\/span><\/td>\nKaliyan, \u0100lin\u0101dan, N\u0101luKaviPerum\u0101l,<\/span><\/p>\n

Arulm\u0101ri, Parak\u0101lan, Mangaiyarkone<\/span><\/td>\n

K\u0101rthigai<\/span><\/td>\nKrithikaI (Kritthik\u0101)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Fuente: Wikipedia<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ALVAR (HINDUISMO)       Los\u00a0Alvar\u00a0fueron doce santos\u00a0vaisnavas\u00a0que \u2014durante el periodo medieval de la historia de\u00a0Tamil\u00a0(entre los siglos\u00a0VII\u00a0a\u00a0X)\u2014<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-378","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hinduismo"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalsolidarity.live\/wikiyoga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/378","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalsolidarity.live\/wikiyoga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalsolidarity.live\/wikiyoga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalsolidarity.live\/wikiyoga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalsolidarity.live\/wikiyoga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=378"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/globalsolidarity.live\/wikiyoga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/378\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":380,"href":"https:\/\/globalsolidarity.live\/wikiyoga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/378\/revisions\/380"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalsolidarity.live\/wikiyoga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=378"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalsolidarity.live\/wikiyoga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=378"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalsolidarity.live\/wikiyoga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=378"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}

Entre todos dejaron unos cuatro mil poemas\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>(n\u0101l\u0101yira)<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0en idioma tamil\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>Divya prabandham<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0(que se consideran la esencia de los\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>Vedas<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>, ya que contienen alabanzas al dios\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>Vishn\u00fa<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n